Verlorene Passphrase

[cheeb_ledger]

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As u/loupiote2 aptly described, in this case, you would need to ultimately know the passphrase that you set your Ledger up with (in the case that you did set it up with an additional [passphrase](https://www.ledger.com/academy/passphrase-an-advanced-security-feature)).

Based off of your comments with u/loupiote2, it sounds like you potentially may have written the original [24 word recovery phrase](https://www.ledger.com/academy/crypto/what-is-a-recovery-phrase) down with some form of error. This could range from a word being misspelled, out of order, or even mistakenly written – as Loupiote mentioned – many of these words may appear similar.

It is definitely worth trying to compare and crosscheck your copies of your 24 word recovery phrase against the list of 2,048 words ([here](https://www.blockplate.com/pages/bip-39-wordlist) is a link to the BIP39 mnemonic standard’s list of words for reference).

With this in mind – you can see if perhaps any of your words resemble those on the list, and potentially find the word that is causing the invalid recovery phrase error.

It may take time, however if you don’t have any other working copies of your 24 word recovery phrase – and you didn’t use a passphrase – this would be the best step forward in attempting to access your funds again.

[hereintexas111]

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I’m am extremely unknowledgeable about this kind of stuff. I have the 24 words I used, just not the additional layer or word you can also set as a precaution.

[hereintexas111]

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Ok so when I hook the ledger up to my phone the app says I have a balance. When I hook it up to the laptop and enter 24 words, it accepts it but says the balance is 0. What have I done?? Lol

[hereintexas111]

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I just realized Im never asked for the passphrase or 25th word. How could that be why I’m having trouble?

[[deleted]]

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[removed]

[bears_or_bulls]

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No you need the pass phrase as that creates a separate set of address from the 24 word seed.

Sorry to hear your trouble and hope you get to the bottom of it. Good luck!

[[deleted]]

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You lost your seed phrase or your master passcode to unlock your ledger wallet? If it’s the master password, just wipe your ledger and restore it with the seed phrase. If you lost your seed phrase… you are SOL.

In order to wipe your ledger, just enter the passcode wrong 3 times and it will wipe itself.

[G0DL33]

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Why would a new ledger solve your problem?

[selfcustodynerd]

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This is the exact reason why I don’t personally suggest the use of pass phrases. In the name of security, people increase the chances of a human mistake, worse case loss of funds.

[root_s2yse8vt]

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Ich kann keine Kryptowährungen tauschen oder versenden, die ich letztes Jahr gekauft habe. Es heißt, dass ein Fehler aufgetreten ist und ich meine Wiederherstellungsphrase überprüfen soll. Ich glaube, bei der Ersteinrichtung habe ich auch eine Passphrase verwendet. Kann ich meine Kryptowährung wiederherstellen, wenn ich einfach ein neues Ledger kaufe und meine 24-Wörter-Wiederherstellungsphrase eingebe? Ich habe online nachgeschaut und denke, dass ich das gelesen habe, aber ich wollte es von jemandem bestätigen lassen, bevor ich ein neues Ledger kaufe. TIA

[Deminero30]

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You need to remember the passphrase you used.

[loupiote2]

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If you used a bip39 passphrase (sometimes incorrectly called 25th word), then you would need to use the exact same passphrase to recover access to your accounts.

If you did NOT use a passphrase, and if you reset your ledger and re-entered your 24-words, there is still a chance that you accidentally entered one incorrect word (or maybe a word was written incorrectly at the time of initial setup), and that the error was not detected (0.4% chances, since the checksum is only 8-bit).

Actually it is quite easy to make mistakes when writing or reading the 24-word seed, because many of the words in the BIP39 list are similar with only 1 letter difference, so making an error is easy, e.g. fog/dog, boat/goat, wait/want, etc.

Each word is in a 2048-word list: https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0039/english.txt

There are MANY similar words in the list, here are just a few example:

[’sight‘, ‚eight‘, ‚light‘, ’night‘, ‚right‘]

[‚vote‘, ’note‘]

[‚toast‘, ‚coast‘, ‚roast‘]

[’sight‘, ‚eight‘, ‚light‘, ’night‘, ‚right‘]

[’sound‘, ‚found‘, ‚round‘]

[’shock‘, ’stock‘]

[‚aware‘, ‚awake‘]

[’sing‘, ‚ring‘, ’song‘, ‚wing‘]

[‚unable‘, ‚enable‘]

Since there is 2048 words in the list, each word is equivalent to 11 bits (2^11 = 2048). The last 8 bits of the 24th word is a checksum, so not all combinations of 24 words are valid, which helps to find out if a word was changed from an originally valid list (e.g. error in writing or reading the recovery phrase/seed).

The checksum will catch such errors about 99.6% of the times. There is still about 0.4% chances that a wrong word gets undetected by the checksum, and that the resulting 24-word phrase will be seen as „valid“. But it will generate a different seed, so it won’t give you access to your accounts that were derived from your original seed. You will just get access to entirely new accounts, with different addresses and a 0 balance. Trying to access your accounts with Ledger Live will result in an error indicating that the seed in your ledger is different from the seed that was used to create the account.

The good news is that this sort of problem can be resolved and the correct phrase can be found using bruteforce techniques. We routinely do that for our clients who need recovery services.

Bruteforcing is tedious by hand but can be performed easily using specialized software tools. If you want to do it yourself with tools downloaded from the internet (e.g. BTCrecover), make sure you check them by reading their their source code if you can (or risk your seed to be stolen!).

You can also use the Ian Coleman BIP39 tool, in which you can easily manually enter seed phrases to test if they are valid.

Make sure to run the any recovery software tool (including the Ian Coleman tool) in a very secure environment, on an off-line (air-gapped) computer, preferably in an amnesiac environment, or at least in a virtual machine (e.g. virtualbox) that you can completely wipe off after use.

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